In acute infection, 16 of 20 HBV isolates (80%) under study belonged to genotype A, three (15%) were from genotype D, and the remaining one (5%) belonged to genotype

F. In samples from chronic cases, the following genotype distribution was found: 25/44 (56.8%) genotype A, 13/44 (29.5%) genotype D, 5/44 (11.4%) genotype F, and one (2.3%) genotype B. Among isolates from genotype A, subgenotypes A1 and A2 were found. The ratio of subgenotypes A1/A2 in acute cases (8/8, 50% each) was significantly different from that in chronic TGF-beta inhibitor cases (22/3, 88% A1 and 12% A2; P = 0.012). If the equal distribution of subgenotypes A1 and A2 among newly infected individuals (acute infection) reflects an increase in subgenotype A2 in Brazil, this suggests that the profile of circulating subgenotypes in Brazil could be changing. Navitoclax mw Alternatively, differences between the two subgenotypes could be related to disease progression (resolution of acute infection or progression to chroni-city). These possibilities warrant further investigation. Table 1 Comparisons of YMDD variants in serum of patients with acute and chronic HBV infection detected by direct sequencing and pyrosequencing Patient number

Type of infection Treatment Duration (months) Viral load (cp/mL) Sub genotype Direct sequencing Pyrosequencing % amino acid             WT MUT M V I             ATG Codon ATG (codon) (codon)/(codon) 1969 acute – - 1.1×106 A1 4-Hydroxytamoxifen in vitro M/ATG – 100 – - 2098 acute – - 1.4×106 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - 1377 acute – - 3.5×104 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - 1504 acute – - 6.2×102 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - 1379 acute – - 2.8×104 A1 M/ATG – 95 – 5 (ATT) 1419 acute – - 6.5×103 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - 1781 acute – - 6.6×102 A1 M/ATG – 95 – 5 (ATT) 1510 acute – - 8.6×103 A1 M/ATG – 83 – 17 (ATA) 1384 acute – - 3.3×105 A2 M/ATG – 100 – - 2190 acute Thiamine-diphosphate kinase – - – A2 M/ATG – 94 6 (GTT) – 603 acute – - 1.2×105 A2 M/ATG – 100 – - 1472 acute – - 3.0×103 A2 M/ATG – 100 – - 1386 acute – - 1.3×105 A2 M/ATG – 96 – 4 (ATT) 1120 acute – - 7.1×102 A2 M/ATG – 93 – 7 (ATT) 1393 acute – - 7.2×103 A2 M/ATG – 100 – - 1889 acute – - 5.6×105 A2

M/ATG – 96 – 4 (ATT) 1474 acute – - 5×104 D2 M/ATG – 100 – - 1980 acute – - 2.5×103 D2 M/ATG – 94 6 (GTT) – 1314 acute – - 2.0×104 D3 M/ATG – 100 – - 1570 acute – - 1.3×103 F2 M/ATG – 94 – 6 (ATT) NN003 chronic LAM 01 3.7×104 A1 M/ATG   94 – 6 (ATT) NN004 chronic LAM 06 1.7 x104 A1 M/ATG   96 – 4 (ATT) NN124 chronic LAM 06 9.7 x102 A1 – V/GTG – 40 (GTG) 60 (ATT) NN092 chronic LAM 07 7.6 x106 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - NN006 chronic LAM + TDF 12 1.7 x104 A1 – V/GTG – 100 (GTG) – NN026 chronic LAM 12 1.2 x107 A1 – V/GTG – 100 (GTG) – NN041 chronic LAM 12 1.3 x104 A1 M/ATG – 94 – 6 (ATT) NN043 chronic LAM 12 4.2 x105 A1 M/ATG – 100 – - NN132 chronic LAM 12 9.4 x102 A1 – V/GTG 10 75 (GTG) 15 (ATT) NN123 chronic LAM 18 2.4 x109 A1 M/ATG – 94 – 6 (ATA) NN009 chronic LAM 24 2.1 x104 A1 – V/GTG – 100 (GTG) – NN024 chronic LAM 24 5.