[1] selleck chemical DAPT secretase The World Health Organization estimates that about 80% of the world’s population uses herbal medicine for some aspect of their health care.[2] Despite the popularity of modern medicine and the variety of drugs available for various ailments, it has been observed that 85% of patients combine herbal therapy with the medicines prescribed at hospitals or clinics.[3] This shows the level of confidence patients have in herbal recipes. The situation in the United States is not any different, and it has been noticed that 25% of prescription drugs dispensed in the US contain at least one active ingredient derived from plant material.[4] The persistent increase in antibiotic-resistant strain of microorganisms has led to the development of more potent but also more expensive antibiotics, such as the third-generation fluoroquinolones and the cephalosporins.

[5�C7] In most developing countries of the world, these antibiotics are not readily affordable, which makes compliance difficult. This calls for research into alternative sources of antimicrobials. Dialium guineense is a shrub of the family Leguminosae. It has a straight, grayish and smooth stem. The stem bark is used for the treatment of cough, toothache, and bronchitis.[8] Despite its acclaimed efficacy, there is as yet no scientific in its support. This work was carried out to assess its in vitro antimicrobial activity against some clinical isolates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant collection and authentication D guineense stem bark was collected with the assistance of a herbal practitioner at Ode-Lemo, Ogun State of Nigeria.

A sample of the plant was taken to the Forest Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) Ibadan, Nigeria, for further confirmation and a voucher specimen was deposited there [Forest Herbarium, Ibadan (FHI) No. 108009]. Extraction procedure A 50-g portion of air-dried, powdered, stem bark of D guineense was soaked in 1 l of each of the six solvents AV-951 used [i.e., sterile distilled water, absolute ethanol, ethanol 50% (v/v), chloroform, petroleum ether, and acetone] for 72 hours according to the method of Rojas et al.[9] Each mixture was refluxed, agitated at 200 rpm for 1 hour, and filtered using Whatman No. 1 filter paper. Following this, the aqueous filtrates were freeze dried, while the alcohol filtrates were placed in a vacuum oven at 40��C and dried for 3 days to obtain the dry extracts. The percentage yield and the pH of the extracts in the different solvents were determined. All crude extracts were stored at 4��C until they were needed for use. Phytochemical analysis Qualitative chemical analysis of the plant was carried out using the standard methods described by Treas and Evans.