In this study, ultra-high overall performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-tandem size spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) had been combined with major component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal limited minimum squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) to evaluate the differential aspects of Lilii Bulbus pre and post sulfur fumigation. We identified ten markers generated after sulfur fumigation, summarized their mass fragmentation and transformation habits, and verified the structures of phenylacrylic acid markers of sulfur fumigation. As well, the cytotoxicity of the aqueous extracts of Lilii Bulbus pre and post Aquatic microbiology sulfur fumigation had been assessed. The outcome indicated that into the concentration range of 0-800 mg·L~(-1), the aqueous extract of Lilii Bulbus after sulfur fumigation had no considerable impact on the viability of personal liver LO2 cells, real human renal proximal tubular HK-2 cells, and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. Furthermore, the viability associated with cells subjected to the aqueous extract of Lilii Bulbus pre and post sulfur fumigation revealed no significant difference. This research identified phenylacrylic acid and furostanol saponins as markers of sulfur-fumigated Lilii Bulbus for the first time, making clear that appropriate sulfur fumigation of Lilii Bulbus will never create cytotoxicity, supplying a theoretical basis when it comes to fast recognition and quality and safety control of sulfur-fumigated Lilii Bulbus.Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry had been utilized to analyze the chemical elements in Curcuma longa tuberous roots(HSYJ), C. longa tuberous roots processed with vinegar(CHSYJ), and rat serum following the management. The active aspects of HSYJ and CHSYJ absorbed in serum had been identified based on the additional spectral range of database and literature. The targets of primary dysmenorrhea was screened out of database. The protein-protein conversation network analysis, gene ontology(GO) useful annotation, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment evaluation had been performed when it comes to typical objectives shared by the drug active components in serum and primary dysmenorrhea, as well as the component-target-pathway network ended up being built CX-4945 . AutoDock was made use of to conduct molecular docking between the core components and targets. An overall total of 44 chemical components had been peri-prosthetic joint infection identified from HSYJ and CHSYJ, including 18 absorbed in serum. On the basis of community pharmacology, we identified 8 core components(including procurcumenol, isobutyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ferulic acid, and zedoarondiol) and 10 core targets \[including interleukin-6(IL-6), estrogen receptor 1(ESR1), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2)\]. The core targets had been primarily distributed in the heart, liver, uterus, and smooth muscle mass. The molecular docking outcomes indicated that the core elements were well bound into the core objectives, suggesting that HSYJ and CHSYJ may exert healing effect on major dysmenorrhea via estrogen, ovarian steroidogenesis, tumor necrosis factor(TNF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1), IL-17 and other signaling pathways. This study clarifies the HSYJ and CHSYJ elements soaked up in serum, along with the corresponding system, providing a reference for further elucidating the healing product foundation and medical application of HSYJ and CHSYJ.Wurfbainia villosa fresh fruit is high in volatile terpenoids, among which pinene is just one of the primary components and has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-tumor, along with other pharmacological activities. This analysis group discovered that W. villosa fresh fruits were full of α-pinene by GC-MS, and terpene synthase(WvTPS63, previously known as AvTPS1) with β-pinene while the main product ended up being cloned and identified, but α-pinene synthase was not identified. In this research, on the basis of the genome data of W. villosa, we screened and found WvTPS66 with highly comparable sequences to WvTPS63, identified enzyme functions of WvTPS66 in vitro, and performed a comparative evaluation of sequence, catalytic function, appearance design, and promoter with WvTPS63. Multiple series alignment revealed that the amino acid sequences of WvTPS63 and WvTPS66 were highly similar as well as the conservative motif of terpene synthase had been practically identical. In vitro enzymatic experiments on catalytic features revealed that both could produce pinene, additionally the main product of WvTPS63 had been β-pinene, while that of WvTPS66 was α-pinene. Expression structure analysis showed that WvTS63 was highly expressed in plants, WvTPS66 was expressed in the whole plant, together with highest phrase amount had been found in the pericarp, which indicated it may be mainly responsible for the formation of α-pinene in fresh fruits. In inclusion, promoter evaluation disclosed the existence of several regulating elements related to worry response within the promoter regions of both genes. The findings for this research provides a reference for the functional study of terpene synthase genetics and brand-new genetic elements for pinene biosynthesis.This study aimed to establish the baseline sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea from Panax ginseng to prochloraz, and make certain the fitness of prochloraz-resistant mutants additionally the cross-resistance of B. cinerea to prochloraz and widely used fungicides for the prevention and control of grey mold including boscalid, pyraclostrobin, iprodione, and pyrimethanil. The susceptibility of B. cinerea from P. ginseng to fungicides was decided by the mycelial growth price method. The prochloraz-resistant mutants were screened out through fungicide domestication and ultraviolet(UV) induction. The fitness of resistant mutants was determined through the security of subculture, mycelial growth rate, and pathogenicity test. The cross-resistance between prochloraz and also the four fungicides ended up being dependant on individual correlation analysis.