However, initiating estrogen therapy after TAHBSO at ages 45 and older can increase breast cancer risk and should be considered carefully. (Obstet Gynecol 2012; 120: 27-36) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31825a717b
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II”
“Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been proposed as a promising therapeutic option in treating obesity for 20 years. Currently, the available device of GES cannot meet the clinical needs. The purpose of this study is Duvelisib to verify the effect of a new type of adjustable gastric electrical
stimulator in reducing food intake and body weight.
Eight beagle dogs randomly followed GES and sham GES for 3 months in a crossover design. Parameters were adjusted and individualized during the experiment. Symptoms of GES were recorded, and the effective parameters were selected. Resistance to GES was assessed. Food intake and body weight were measured to evaluate the effect
of GES.
The effective parameters were varied among the dogs. Resistance to GES was observed in different periods in dogs. Parameters needed to be adjusted every 10.2 +/- 2.1 days during the period of GES. Food intake during GES for 3 months was significantly reduced than that during sham GES of 3 months (P < 0.05). With the decreased food intake, body weight was significantly reduced by the end of GES of 3 months compared with that of sham GES of 3 months (P < 0.05).
Food intake selleck and body weight of dogs are significantly reduced by adjustable GES. Individual parameters and resistance during GES are required to be considered. The new adjustable device may have good www.selleckchem.com/products/erastin.html prospects of clinical application for obesity.”
“There are many obstacles to conducting meaningful clinical research
studies in children with kidney disease. This review describes some of the challenges facing clinical investigators in pediatric nephrology, and proposes strategies to overcome them. Four broad categories of challenges are considered: inadequate power, funding issues, ethical issues and practical barriers. Power is influenced not just by sample size, but also by population heterogeneity and the outcome chosen; these issues are discussed in detail. Ethical issues and practical barriers of particular relevance to pediatric studies are considered. Examples of successful multicenter studies are provided. In addition, some of the strengths and limitations of existing registry data are highlighted.”
“Endovenous thermal ablation (EVTA) techniques are very effective for the treatment of varicose veins, but their exact working mechanism is still not well documented. The lack of knowledge of mechanistic properties has led to a variety of EVTA protocols and a commercially driven dissemination of new or modified techniques without robust scientific evidence.