In recent years, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of many mendelian diseases caused by mutations in one or a small number of genes. However, it is proving much more difficult to elucidate the genetic basis of complex diseases, including BTSA1 nmr coronary heart disease (CHD). The objective of this paper was to review some of the most significant findings observed to date in studies into the genetic component of CHD. We report on the most important results from linkage and association studies, including genome-wide association studies. Finally, we summarize the potential usefulness of these findings for daily clinical practice and disease prevention, and look
forward to the challenges we can expect to encounter in the near future.”
“Objective-To
characterize a 2007 bluetongue disease (BT) epizootic caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 17 in sheep in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming.
Design-Cross-sectional study.
Animals-1,359 sheep from ranches in Wyoming and Montana.
Procedures-Information on clinical signs and history of BT in sheep was obtained from ranchers and attending veterinarians. At 3 to 6 months after the 2007 BT epizootic, blood samples were collected from rams, ewes, and lambs within and outside the Big Horn Basin; blood samples were also collected from lambs born in the spring of 2008. Sera were tested for anti-BTV antibodies by use of a competitive ELISA to determine the seroprevalence of BTV in sheep and to measure antibody titers. Virus isolation Daporinad supplier and reverse transcriptase PCR assays were used to determine long-term presence of the infectious virus or viral genetic material in RBCs of sheep.
Results-The percentage
of sheep seropositive for BTV closely matched morbidity of sheep within flocks, indicating few subclinical infections. Flocks separated by as little as 1 mile had substantial variation AZD1080 research buy in infection rate. Rams were infected at a higher rate than ewes. There was no evidence of BTV successfully overwintering in the area.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-This epizootic appears to be a new intrusion of BTV into a naive population of sheep previously protected geographically by the mountains surrounding the Big Horn Basin. Rams may have a higher infection rate as a result of increased vector biting opportunity because of the large surface area of the scrotum. Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:955-959)”
“The landscape of the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is changing fast. Several oral treatments have shown benefit and generate much interest because of the convenience of their administration. Two oral compounds, fingolimod and teriflunomide, have been approved in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, while others have completed Phase III trials and are awaiting review for registration.