It is also possible that interactions with other substances, such as ethanol, may potentiate the toxic potential of a compound present in the preparation. Because of the expense of newer medications as well as safety and efficacy concerns about some older or alternative medications, the possibility still remains that for many patients with anxiety disorders, the best, available treatment will be a benzodiazepine. Understanding what has been learned about benzodiazepine use and the development, of dependence may be helpful in ensuring

that, these patients are not denied effective Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical treatment.41 Dependence The reported potential of a class of prescription drugs to result, in dependence in some patients needs to be viewed as part, of an overall risk-benefit analysis in the same way as that process is applied Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical to nonpsychiatric medical illness. Many other authors have commented

on the historical biases that, have been present in shaping social views on the acceptability of treating illnesses such as anxiety and depression with pharmacological intervention. The presence of what, has Selleckchem KRX0401 eloquently been called “pharmacological Calvinism” is still a factor in the acceptability of the appropriateness of Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical biologically based treatments Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical for these disorders.26 The context in which medications are used includes the suffering and disability caused by the condition being treated as well as the overall risks of a proposed therapy for a given patient. Definitions of substance dependence often lack consistency, but, they usually include a number of criteria composed of issues relating to psychological dependence and/or physical dependence.1 In many characterizations, there are overlaps with Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical abuse and addiction. Table I summarizes the Diagnostic: and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,

Fourth Edition1 (DSM-LV) criteria for dependence. A central concept is the exhibition of a Urease maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. Accompanying features may include tolerance, which can result in an escalation in dose, and patients may spend inordinate amounts of time obtaining, using, and recovering from the drug. Drug seeking and drug use may become more important, than customary social, recreational, and occupational obligations and activities, and the patient, often knows that, the use of the drug may be causing physical and/or psychological problems. Attempts to control or reduce substance use are unsuccessful, and a withdrawal syndrome characteristic for the given substance may occur.