On the basis of these results and comparative genomic studies, we classified the Bf7 phage to the subfamily of Autographivirinae, φKMV-like phages. Pseudomonas

tolaasii is a Gram-negative mushroom pathogenic bacterium that is well known as the causative agent of the yellowing of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) and the Proteasome inhibitor brown blotch disease of champignon, Agaricus bisporus (Bessette et al., 1985; Lee & Cha, 1998). The mushroom infecting phenomenon was firstly described by Tolaas (1915). The bacterium produces a cellular membrane destructive toxin called tolaasin, which disrupts the membrane of the mushroom via pore formation (Rainey et al., 1992). Moreover, bacterial blotch diseases can be caused by other fluorescent pseudomonads such as Pseudomonas agarici, Pseudomonas buy LGK-974 costantinii, Pseudomonas gingeri (Geels et al., 1994; Munsch et al., 2002), and some Pseudomonas fluorescens bv. V strains (Sajben et al., 2011). The infection processes have different characteristics, but the final

result is usually the same: the product becomes unsuitable for sale resulting in serious economic losses. Different studies investigated the significance of fluorescent pseudomonads in the detrimental processes during cultivation and the discolorations after harvesting in case of A. bisporus, Pleurotus pulmonarius, and Lentinula edodes (Thorn & Tsuneda, 1996; Wells et al., 1996). There is an increasing need for appropriate control as the application of most chemical substances during cultivation is prohibited. There are numerous promising investigations for the inactivation of the browning processes with antagonistic bacteria (Fermor & Lynch, 1988; find more Tsukamoto et al., 1998) and toxin neutralizing substances (Soler-Rivas et al., 1999; Tsukamoto et al., 2002). At the same time, there are some Pseudomonas species that play an essential role in sporocarp formation and healthy development of mushrooms (Rainey, 1991), so the complete exclusion

of the genus from cultivation is not a possible option. According to this, the targeted application of bacteriophages as biocontrol agents against these pathogens has great potentials. Phages are viruses of bacteria, and they are ubiquitous in the environment. They play a key role in controlling the bacterial number in different habitats and participate in gene transfer between bacteria (Ashelford et al., 1999). They have great potential as biocontrol agents because of their ability of replication and amplification. Phages cannot be degraded by enzymes; furthermore, they are highly specialized to their host (Goodridge & Abedon, 2003). However, it should be noted that problems may emerge from the rapid development of phage resistant bacterial strains (Guillaumes et al., 1985; Munsch & Olivier, 1995). Several studies have been carried out to isolate bacteriophages against different fluorescent pseudomonads causing diseases (e.g.