Table 1 Subject characteristics, anthropometric measurements and vitamin D status as measured by serum 25(OH)D Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group effect HIV-negative HIV-positive, non-ARV HIV-positive, pre-ARV https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2157299.html ANOVA n = 98 n = 74 n = 75 p Age (years) 30.0 (8.1) 33.5 (6.1)a 33.4 (6.5)a 0.001 HIV status Negative Positive Positive Current CD4 count ×106 cells/l ND 412 (91) 161 (69)b <0.001 Median (IQR) 420 (127;409) 175 (120;165) Min NA 240 18 Max NA 604 275 Gravidity median (IQR) 1 (0;2) 2 (2;3)a 2 (1;3)a Range 0–5 0–6 0–6 Current
hormonal contraceptive use (%) 34 (35.4) 26 (36.6) 25 (33.3) 0.9 Current smoking (%) 10.2 13.5 8 0.2 Height (cm) 157.6 (5.9) 159.4 (5.9) 159.2 (5.3) 0.06 Weight (kg) 69.7 (17.0) 72.0 (17.4) 62.3 (15.2)c,d <0.001 BMI (kg/m2) Median (IQR) 27.3 (23.1;31.7) 27.8 (23.3;32.3) 23.5 (20.5;27.0)d,e <0.001 Overweight BMI >24.9 kg/m2, <30 kg/m2 (%) 35 28 28 Obese BMI >30 kg/m2 (%) 30 37 16 Underweight BMI <18.5 kg/m2 (%) 4 1 11 WBLH Fat (kg) 26.1 (11.5) 26.1 (9.8) 19.7 (9.3)b,e <0.0001 WBLH Lean (kg) 38.3 (60.8) 39.5 (62.4) 36.4 (48.1)d 0.005 Fat/lean2 (kg/kg2)* 17.32 (4.80) 15.92 (4.56) 14.58 (5.47)a,f 0.002 25(OH)D (nmol/l) 59.7 (16.5) 59.2 (16.5) 61.6 (22.3) 0.7 25(OH)D (nmol/l) >50 (%)
73.5 70.3 66.7 PD 332991 25(OH)D (nmol/l) <50 (%) 26.5 29.7 33.3 25(OH)D (nmol/l) <25 (%) 1.0 2.7 5.3 All values are mean (SD) unless indicated. Letters are used to indicate significance of between-group differences as tested by ANOVA/Scheffé 25(OH)D 25 hydroxyvitamin D, ARV antiretroviral therapy, cm centimetres, IQR interquartile range,
kg kilograms, SD standard deviation, WBLH whole body less head, ND not determined, NA not applicable *Value multiplied by 1,000 to illustrate the relative differences in kilogram aSignificantly different from group 1, p ≤ 0.01 bSignificantly different from group 2, p ≤ 0.001 cSignificantly different from group 1, p ≤ 0.05 dSignificantly different from group 2, p ≤ 0.01 eSignificantly different from group 1, p ≤ 0.001 fSignificantly different from group 2, p ≤ 0.05 Mean age (SD) was 32.1 (7.2) years with HIV-negative women being significantly but only slightly younger than both groups of HIV-positive GABA Receptor women. The age ranges were similar in the three groups (18–49, 22–48 and 19–47 years in HIV-negative, non-ARV and pre-ARV women, respectively). Median (IQR) gravidity was 2 (1; 3) with both HIV-positive groups having a higher median gravidity compared to the HIV-negative group. Anthropometry and body composition HIV-negative women tended to be shorter than both groups with HIV-infection (p = 0.06), while HIV positive, pre-ARV women were significantly lighter than the other two groups (p < 0.05). Median (IQR) BMI of the study cohort was 26.1 (22.4; 31) kg/m2 with BMI in pre-ARV women being significantly lower than in HIV-negative and non-ARV women.