The main principle of the method is the following. Irradiation

of the metal film by a nanosecond laser pulse leads to transient heating and expansion of the film that in turn results in the generation of an acoustic signal. The waveform of the signal results from two contributions: the “”primary”" signal from the thermal expansion of the metal film, which repeats the temporal profile of the laser pulse envelope, and the “”secondary”" signal, which originates from the thermal expansion this website of the adjacent liquid layer. Due to low thermal conductivity of liquid compared to metal, the liquid accumulates heat that is released in metal and produces that secondary contribution into the OA conversion. This contribution is very sensitive to the properties of the film. The influence of the film thickness and its thermophysical parameters on the frequency-dependent efficiency of OA conversion and on the temporal profile of

excited OA signals is discussed in detail. Based on these results, the method for nondestructive evaluation of submicron metal coatings properties is proposed.”
“The objective of this study was to identify and compare the volatile LY333531 inhibitor compounds of liquid essential oils and volatiles of headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) of the hallabong blossom. SPME is a sampling technique based on sorption of analytes into a polymeric material that coats a silica fiber. Two different fiber coatings GSK1838705A clinical trial tested to evaluate the extraction efficiencies of volatiles. The hallabong blossom exhibited 5 major volatile compounds: linalool (28.89-43.24%), limonene (0.39-23.06%), P-myrcene (0.38-16.67%), sabinene (1.37-11.42%),

and 4-terpineol (1.26-6.12%). The amounts of identified compounds in the hallabong blossom were more abundant in carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber than in PDMS fiber.”
“The objective of this work was to characterize the Moisture sorption and water vapor permeation behavior of edible films made from sodium caseinate and chitosan for future applications as protective layers on foods. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer, and the films were obtained by a casting/solvent-evaporation method. The moisture sorption kinetics and water vapor permeability (WVP) were investigated. The effect of the addition of glycerol on the WVP characteristics of the films was determined at 25 degrees C with a relative humidity (RH) gradient of 0-64.5% (internal to external). Experimental data were fitted with an exponential function with two fitting parameters. WVP increased with increasing glycerol content in both films, chitosan samples being much more permeable than caseinate ones at any glycerol content. WVPs of sodium caseinate, chitosan, and chitosan/caseinate films with 28 wt % glycerol were also determined for two RH gradients, 0 to 64.5% and 100 to 64.5%, higher WVPs being measured at higher RHs.