The sum of rvl (ventral/anterior) and ldr (dorsal/posterior) images were used for calculation. For SPECT/CT the total acquisition time took 1 hour (matrix: 128 × 128 pixels) where the dual-head rotating camera was surrounding the animal to obtain a 3D image. After administration of the labeled peptide, animals were sacrificed and the liver was dissected. It was frozen in liquid nitrogen and embedded in Tissue-Tek (Sakura). The fixed tissue was cut into sections (14 μm and 20 μm thick) in a cryostat (Reichert-Jung, 2800 Frigocut) and mounted onto glass slides. Sections were fixed with paraformaldehyde (PFA) and washed with phosphate-buffered

saline (PBS) and ethanol. Autoradiography was performed by incubation http://www.selleckchem.com/products/DMXAA(ASA404).html of glass-mounted sections on an Amersham Hyperfilm MP. To determine the peptide integrity, 131I labeled genotype C-derived preS1-lipopeptide (Myrcludex B)-y

was extracted 1 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours, and 24 hours after subcutaneous injection from the liver of Wistar rats. One mL water per gram frozen liver tissue was added. Following cell disruption with a Potter S homogenizer, 1 mL acetonitrile was added. Fulvestrant price After centrifugation (10 minutes at 2,500 rpm, 4°C), the supernatant was analyzed by the HPLC system using a γ-detector. Liver samples were characterized by a liquid/liquid extraction procedure and HPLC-MS/MS analyses by Prolytic (Frankfurt, Germany). Lipopeptides from the N-terminal part of the HBV L-protein bind PHH, PTH, and HepaRG cells and prevent productive entry of HBV in vitro6, 7, 17, 19, 20, 25 and in vivo.21 To study the distribution of these peptides in vivo we synthesized a traceable variant of HBVpreS/2-48myr, Thalidomide the most thoroughly studied preS-derived entry inhibitor which allows the introduction of radioactive iodine at the C-terminally fused D-Tyr (y) residue (Fig. 1A). Labeling at this site certifies that the label is either the complete peptide, free iodine (released by the action of de-iodinases), or a proteolytic degradation product lacking the N-terminal myristoyl moiety. The two latter, if they would be generated in

vivo, are impaired in preS-receptor binding.7 HBVpreS/2-48myr-y could be produced in >98% purity and permitted efficient labeling with radioactive iodine (Fig. 1B). The mass spectrometric analysis of the peak fraction of the unlabeled peptide shows three distinct peaks corresponding to the theoretical m/z values of [M + 5H]5+ (1,113.3 Da), [M + 4H]4+ (1,391.4 Da) and [M + 3H]3+ (1,854.9 Da). One minor peak at 1,848.9 Da (loss of water) is probably caused by aspartimide formation during synthesis.26 A lack of Asn in a minor fraction (1,816.6 Da) was also detected. Quantification of the specific activity of the labeled peptide confirmed values of 0.5-1 MBq for 125/131I/nmol and 15 MBq 123I/nmol. This corresponds to one labeled peptide molecule/700 unlabeled molecules. All other peptides (Fig. 3D) were producible in the same manner (data not shown).