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Tests for neutrality To gain some insight into a possible positive selection on this locus regarding the level (family and/or intra-family) and the type of selection operating, Ewens-Watterson-Slatkin tests for neutrality [38, 39] Depsipeptide were conducted. for a 10 year Afatinib period (Table 3). Year Sample size Observed

F Expected F p-values         1990 46 0.3535 0.626 0.0201         1991 49 0.3536 0.6302 0.021         1992 43 0.3618 0.6213 0.0317         1993 63 0.3923 0.6463 0.0584         1994 54 0.3957 0.6366 0.0662         1995 51 0.4048 0.633 0.08         1996 68 0.3387 0.651 0.0051         1997 46 0.3573 0.626 0.0253         1998 76 0.3695 0.6575 0.0303         1999 28 0.398 0.5894 0.099         All 524 0.3622 0.7429 0.0108           Size polymorphism Size and sequence polymorphism Year N Observed F Expected F p-value N Observed F Expected F p-value   K1 family 1990 18 Selleckchem LY2606368 0.1728 0.17 0.6612 8 0.1562 0.1562 1 1991 22 0.095 0.099 0.577 11 0.157 0.1542 0.8934 1992 20 0.195 0.1789 0.7793 14 0.0816 0.0816 1 1993 33 0.0964 0.1379 0.0186 20 0.065 0.0607 1 1994 29 0.1249 0.1294 0.551 15 0.0756 0.0756 1 1995 28 0.148 0.1422 0.6971 18 0.1111 0.1113 0.6803 1996 26 0.1775 0.1757 0.6323 18 0.0988 0.1113 0.267 1997 20 0.245 0.1551 0.9901 11 0.0909 0.0909 1 1998 37 0.122 0.1316 0.4808 21 0.1111 0.0962 0.936 1999 14 0.1939 0.2125 0.417 8 0.125 0.125 1 All 247 0.1044 0.0957 0.7197 144 0.0245 0.0214 L-gulonolactone oxidase 0.9088

  MAD20 family + Hybrid alleles 1990 18 0.1358 0.1273 0.8024 9 0.1605 0.1683 0.6858 1991 13 0.2071 0.2505 0.2629 8 0.1562 0.1562 1 1992 13 0.1834 0.1698 0.8471 9 0.1111 0.1111 1 1993 18 0.1728 0.1995 0.3267 13 0.1243 0.1208 0.9238 1994 12 0.1667 0.1973 0.2356 9 0.1358 0.1358 1 1995 10 0.32 0.2831 0.9022 9 0.1605 0.1683 0.6858 1996 23 0.2098 0.1906 0.7541 12 0.0972 0.0972 1 1997 16 0.1797 0.1886 0.5808 11 0.1736 0.1885 0.5419 1998 18 0.2037 0.2369 0.3518 10 0.14 0.1455 0.7227 1999 4 0.25 0.25 1 NA NA NA NA All 145 0.1177 0.1201 0.5816 90 0.0365 0.0407 0.2691   RO33 family 1990 NA NA NA NA 10 0.66 0.4919 1 1991 NA NA NA NA 13 0.7396 0.7035 0.6469 1992 NA NA NA NA 10 0.68 0.6826 0.6047 1993 NA NA NA NA 12 0.8472 0.6975 1 1994 NA NA NA NA 13 0.3609 0.3976 0.3849 1995 NA NA NA NA 12 0.7222 0.6975 0.6347 1996 NA NA NA NA 18 NA NA NA 1997 NA NA NA NA 9 0.

34 of 74 patients were received GP (Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1, Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1,8), 29 of 74 patients were received NP (Cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1, Vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 on days 1 + 8), the other 11 patients were received TP (Carboplatin AUC 6 on day 1, Paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 on day 1), every 3 weeks. All of the tumor tissue samples were freshly frozen in liquid www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-203580.html nitrogen immediately after surgery, and stored at -80 0 C until

analysis was available. We took out the check details specimens from the parenchymal tissues of tumor, and we must as far as possible make the specimens keep away from the necrotic tissue. We also confirmed the HE stain results from the pathology department after surgery, which tumor sections, from the location specimens taken by us, were full of tumor cells (usually more than 60%-70%). Patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant radiotherapy

were excluded. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, China. All subjects signed an informed consent before entry into the study. Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 85 patients with NSCLC Characteristics Number Percentage (%) Gender     Male 60 70.6 Female 25 29.4 Age     ≤ 60 53 62.4 > 60 32 37.6 Nationality Selleck Y-27632     The Han 60 70.6 The Zhuang 25 29.4 Histology     Squamous carcinoma Montelukast Sodium 25 29.4 Adenocarcinoma 60 70.6 Differentiation     Well and moderate 58 68.2 Poor 27 31.8 Metastasis lymphatics     Yes 28 32.9 No 57 67.1 TNM stage     I + II 48 56.5 III + IV 37 43.5 Surgery status     Lobectomy 79 92.9 Pneumonectomy 6 7.1 Chemotherapy status(74 cases)     GP regimens 34 45.9 NP regimens 29 39.2 TP regimens 11 14.9 ECOG Performance status     0 22 25.9 1 63 74.1 RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis Fresh frozen specimens of tumor and adjacent tissues were obtained from 85 patients. Collection time from resection to freezing was required 20 minutes

or less for all specimens. The fresh frozen specimens were processed for RNA isolation and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in detecting expression analysis for the ERCC1, BAG-1, BRCA1, RRM1, and TUBB3 genes. Specimens were microscopically examined to assess quality and to verify the histopathology. Specimens were pulverized by pulp refiner under Trizol reagent (Invitrogen). Total RNA was extracted with Trizol reagent and dissolved in DEPC water. Total RNA were reverse transcribed with RevertAid™ First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Fermentas) for generation of cDNA. Gene expression for ERCC1, BAG-1, BRCA1, TUBB3, RRM1 and β-actin (internal reference gene) were performed using RT-PCR.